Current status and research trends of bovine brucellosis in Korea ( 07/08/31 ) | |||||
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Part | Charger | choys | date | 07/08/31 | |
Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic infection in animals and humans caused by Brucella species. Bovine brucellosis is characterized by abortion, infertility and reduced milk yield. Korean government has conducted the test and slaughter strategy for the eradication of bovine brucellosis.
The first outbreak of bovine brucellosis in Korea was reported in 1955. Of the 124 dairy cattle imported from USA, 30 cattle (24%) were identified as reactors. Since then, the disease occurred sporadically until 1983 and the most outbreaks have been reported in dairy cattle until 1999. However, annual number of the infected cattle was over 100 from 1984, and the prevalence increased continuously. Especially the detection rate of brucellosis has been increasing sharply since 2003, because the brucellosis negative certification system for cattle traded in the livestock market for the enforcement of the brucellosis detection, and the increased brucellosis outbreak in native cattle which have never been tested nationally for brucellosis before.
The cause of infection was estimated that the 46.2% of infected farms seemed to have introduced the disease by purchasing the brucellosis-positive farms. Brucellosis was eradicated without recurrence in 67.9% of the infected farms, whereas 32.1% of those was occurred again after the first outbreak. In particular, the recurrent rate of farms, which had the aborted cattle was significantly higher than that of farms that did not have the aborted cattle.
Br. abortus was isolated from dairy and native cattle in Korea, and most isolates belonged to biotype 1. The diagnosis of brucellosis is currently based on the serological and microbiological tests. However, the microbiological isolation and idetification are time-consuming and laborious, and the serological methods have been reported to cross-react with antigens other than those from Brucella spp. Therefore, it is needed urgently to develop rapid, sensitive and specific methods for diagnosis of animal brucellosis. Furthermore, the fluorescence polarization assay and dip-stick kit could be applicable to the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis in the farm, the slaughterhouse and the livestock market for Brucella Eradication Program.
In conclusion, brucellosis continues to be a serious disease for animal and human health in Korea. The programs for the control of brucellosis in cattle have always been based on a test and slaughter policy. Further, well-structured research is required, the results of which could be used to plan an appropriate national control programs for brucellosis.
Above paper was pubished on Kor. J. Vet. Publ. Hlth. 31(2);91-103, 2007.
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